TMUX

PRIMARY CATEGORY → SERVER SETUP

TMUX → Terminal Multiplexer

It allows to create and access multiple Terminal Sessions through a Server

Tmux works with Sessions

A Session can contain one or several Windows

Each Window can be divided into several Panes

Simple Visualization

Server
└── Session
    ├── Window 1
    │   ├── Pane 1
    │   └── Pane 2
    └── Window 2
        └── Pane 1

More information here

Man Page

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Installation

Dependencies

Tmux requires some dependencies to be compiled such as a C compiler, libraries…

Install all of them as follows →

sudo apt install -y -- libevent-dev ncurses-dev build-essential bison pkg-config

If any of the above tools are not available as packages, build them from source

See here

Tmux

Reference

Download the source code from the Releases Page and Install it as follows →

wget https://github.com/tmux/tmux/releases/download/X.Xa/tmux-X.Xa.tar.gz

tar -zxf tmux-*.tar.gz
cd tmux-*/
./configure
make && sudo make install

cd - && rm -rf -- ./tmux-*

That’s it!

$ command -V tmux
tmux is /usr/local/bin/tmux

The default installation directory is /usr/local. To change it, add the --prefix option to the ./configure script

./configure --prefix=/usr/bin

Uninstallation

According to the Makefile, during installation via the sudo make install command, the installed files are →

• /usr/local/bin/tmux
• /usr/local/share/man/man1/tmux.1

To remove them, proceed as follows →

sudo rm -rf -- /usr/local/bin/tmux /usr/local/share/man/man1/tmux.1

INFO

If the --prefix option was used during the installation process, simply remove the Tmux binary from the specified path

Note that all Installation Paths, like the ones above, are always specified in the Makefile

Therefore, edit that file to check the value of the Prefix parameter

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Configuration File

Tmux.conf

See here

Default Prefix Modification

~/.tmux.conf

unbind-key C-b
set-option -g prefix M-i
bind-key M-i send-prefix

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Shortcuts

Default Prefix → C-b

Custom Prefix → M-i

Shorcuts’ Meaning

Key	Meaning
<leader>	M-i	<leader> + a → Alt+i+a
C	Control	C-c → Control+c
M	Alt	M-a → Alt+a
S	Shift	S-o → Shift+o
Super	Windows	Super-s → Windows+s
Return	Enter	C-S-Return → Control+Shift+Enter
-	+	C-z → Control+z
{a,b,c,d}	a b c d	C-{a,b,c,d} → C-a C-b C-c C-d

Sessions

Commands

Action	Shorcut
Create Session	tmux new -s TMUX_SESSION_NAME_OR_ID
Kill Session	tmux kill-sess -t TMUX_SESSION_NAME_OR_ID
List Sessions	tmux ls → Name tmux ls -F '#{session_id}: #{session_name}' → ID/Name
Kill Server (Kill All Sessions)	tmux kill-server
Session Attach	tmux a -t TMUX_SESSION_NAME_OR_ID
Last Session Attach	tmux a

Shortcuts

Action	Shorcut
Session Detach	<leader> + d
Session Rename	<leader> + $
Toogle to Sessions Select Mode	<leader> + s
Session Movement⬅️➡️	<leader> + ( <leader> + )

Windows

Action	Shortcut
Windows Creation	<leader> + c
Windows Closing	<leader> + &
Windows Rename	<leader> + comma
Windows Focus⬅️➡️	<leader> + p <leader> + n
Windows Focus (Numeric)	<leader> + {0..9}
Windows Movement⬅️➡️	<leader> + S-comma <leader> + S-dot
Toogle to Windows Select Mode	<leader> + w

Panes

Action	Shortcut
Vertical Split	<leader> + Return
Horizontal Split	<leader> + dash
Pane Closing	<leader> + x
Close All Panes (Except the focused one)	<leader> + C-o
Pane Zoom In/Out	<leader> + z
Pane Movement⬆️⬇️⬅️➡️	<leader> + S-{k,j,h,l}
Pane Focus⬆️⬇️⬅️➡️	<leader> + C-{k,j,h,l}
Pane Resize⬆️⬇️⬅️➡️	<leader> + M-{k,j,h,l}
Pane Resize - Reset (Toogle to Tiled Layout)	<leader> + r
Toogle between All Layouts	<leader> + Space
Pane Detach into a New Window	<leader> + !

Misc

Action	Shortcut
TMUX Cheatsheet (Keybindings)	<leader> + ?
Toogle to Command Mode	<leader> +